Monitor: a line assembler

a <address>, then instructions until a line that is just a dot.

The syntax is the assembler's own: a selector rides on the mnemonic as LDA.0
or LDD.0.1, and leaving one off means Data Pointer 0 exactly as it does in a
source file, so nothing learned at the monitor has to be unlearned when
writing a program. Case is folded, since the assembler does not care either.

Numbers are hexadecimal and bare. A source file writes 0x2000 or 0d16 because
it has both and must say which; a monitor has one and says so once, in the
manual, rather than on every line.

It reads the same table the disassembler does, searched the other way round,
which is the point of it being a table rather than two lists: what a writes,
d reads back, and neither can drift from the other or from the assembler both
were generated from. Instruction lengths come from the shared shape table
too, so the cursor cannot get out of step with what was written.

THE WHOLE LINE IS UNDERSTOOD BEFORE ANYTHING IS WRITTEN. Emitting the opcode
first and discovering a missing operand afterwards leaves half an instruction
in memory, which the next line usually covers up and the last line of a
session does not. Written that way first and fixed.

What cannot be written is a label, and that is the whole difference between
this and the assembler proper: a label is a promise to fill an address in
later, and later is what a line at a time does not have.

The recorded test now types in a complete program - a string poked into Data
Memory, instructions assembled into Program Memory, and the result run - and
includes a lower case mnemonic, both selector forms, an instruction that does
not exist and one missing its value, so the refusals sit beside the successes.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Tests/manifest

@@ -225,6 +225,12 @@ cosmosRun            | CosmOS/Source/cosmos.asm           | run      | cosmosRun
 # It also asks to write into bank 2, the controller's own table, which is published read
 # only. That used to stop the machine, and the recorded output of this test contained the
 # crash without anybody noticing, which is what blessing a result without reading it buys.
+#
+# It ends with a whole program typed in: a string poked into Data Memory, instructions
+# assembled into Program Memory, and the result run - which prints something no assembler
+# ever saw. The mnemonics deliberately include a lower case one, both selector forms, an
+# instruction that does not exist and one missing its value, so that the refusals are
+# recorded next to the successes and a failed line is shown writing nothing.
 cosmosMonitor        | CosmOS/Source/cosmos.asm           | run      | cosmosMonitor.in   | -     | disks/cosmos.img
 # The original hello.asm, brought over as an application. It is not much of a program,
 # but it is the one that talks to the hardware directly: it writes to port 0x00 instead