AnachronautandClaude Opus 5
d388cd3122
Four channels on ports 0x40 to 0x4F, each one a whole soundThing voice:
two oscillators, two envelopes, a filter and the routing between them. A
channel keeps its patch between notes, so a program sets an instrument up
once and then plays it.
Six ports rather than forty, because a voice has around forty settings and
four of them would spend more than half the port space on one device.
There is a selector and a value instead: say which channel, say which
setting, write it. That is three writes to change a setting and two to
play a note, which is the right way round - patches are loaded, notes are
played in an inner loop.
Samples come from the machine's clock and not the host's: 48,000 a second
of emulated time, worked out in whole numbers so it never drifts. A
million cycles is exactly 48,000 samples on any host at any speed, which
is what makes a sound something a test can compare. --sound writes them
out, the way --screen writes a picture, for the same reason: the suite has
no speaker.
Tests/sound.sh is 22 checks and found three real defects the first time it
ran, all the same shape - a synthesizer written for a patch editor, wired
up as hardware and inheriting the editor's assumptions:
- Only one voice had an oscillator switched on, so three of the four
channels could not make a sound whatever was written to them.
- That voice's oscillator arrived at full gain and every other one
arrived at nothing, an asymmetry with no reason behind it.
- A note with no sustain is silent but not over, so the obvious way to
wait for a sound to finish waits for ever.
The first two are fixed by the device defining its own power-on state
rather than inheriting synthInit's: every channel arrives able to make a
sound, so writing a note number is the whole of playing a note. The third
was already written into the manual as advice, an hour before the check
existed. The check disagreed with the documentation and the check was
right; the manual now says the one rule, which is that a note sounds until
the gate is dropped.
Programs/Examples/tune.asm plays eight notes, taking its tempo from the
screen's frame interrupt because that is the only regular beat this
machine has. It spends 99.8% of its cycles asleep in WAIT.
Voyager has no speaker yet - this is the device and its tests. Playing the
samples out of the window is the next commit.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01E2JrLzFvuFX9fgi1LDRjrW
300 lines
12 KiB
Makefile
300 lines
12 KiB
Makefile
# SplitBit Emulator and Assembler Makefile
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# Anachronaut
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# 10/16/2024
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# Compiler and flags
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CC ?= gcc
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CFLAGS ?= -Wall -Os
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PREFIX ?= /usr/local
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# Have the compiler write out which headers each object depends on, so that
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# editing a header rebuilds everything that includes it.
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DEPFLAGS = -MMD -MP
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# The emulator and the assembler use POSIX interfaces that ISO C does not have:
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# realpath, clock_gettime,
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# strdup, dirname and getopt. Asking for POSIX.1-2008 by name means the build does
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# not rely on the compiler happening to default to a mode where those are visible,
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# and it survives someone overriding CFLAGS, which is why it is kept separate.
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#
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# _XOPEN_SOURCE=700 IS POSIX.1-2008, plus the XSI extensions. The plain
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# _POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L was here and is not quite enough: realpath is an XSI interface,
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# so under -std=c11 -pedantic it went undeclared and the assembler would not compile. The
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# ordinary build never noticed, because without -std=c11 the compiler's own default
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# already declares it. The README makes a claim about the strict build, so 'make strict'
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# below settles it rather than leaving it to be discovered.
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POSIXFLAGS = -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=700
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# Directories
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SRC_DIR_EMU = Source/Emulator
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SRC_DIR_ASM = Source/Assembler
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SRC_DIR_DSK = Source/DiskTool
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SRC_DIR_LINT = Source/Linter
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OBJ_DIR = Object
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# Source files
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#
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# MACHINE_SRCS is the machine itself, and both front ends link all of it. What separates
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# SplitBit from Voyager is one file each: a terminal or a window. Anything that drifts out
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# of the shared list and into one of those is behaviour the other does not have, which is
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# the thing this split exists to prevent.
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MACHINE_SRCS = machine.c io.c controller.c video.c font.c sound.c synth.c utility.c cpu.c bootstrap.c assembly.c rom.c
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EMU_SRCS = emulator.c $(MACHINE_SRCS)
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VOY_SRCS = voyager.c $(MACHINE_SRCS)
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ASM_SRCS = Assembler.c assembly.c firstPass.c Assm-util.c secondPass.c
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DSK_SRCS = SplitDisk.c
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LINT_SRCS = Linter.c
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EMU_OBJS = $(EMU_SRCS:%.c=$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o)
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VOY_OBJS = $(VOY_SRCS:%.c=$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o)
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ASM_OBJS = $(ASM_SRCS:%.c=$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o)
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DSK_OBJS = $(DSK_SRCS:%.c=$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o)
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LINT_OBJS = $(LINT_SRCS:%.c=$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o) $(OBJ_DIR)/assembly.o
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# Output binary names
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EMU_TARGET = SplitBit
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VOY_TARGET = Voyager
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ASM_TARGET = Assembler
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DSK_TARGET = SplitDisk
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LINT_TARGET = SplitLint
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# ---- Whether this machine can build Voyager ----
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#
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# PROBED BY BUILDING SOMETHING, not by looking for a file. A header that is present with no
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# library behind it, or a library that needs flags this does not pass, would both pass a
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# file check and then fail at link time, which is a much worse way to find out. If this
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# compiles and links, so will Voyager.
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#
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# pkg-config first because that is what a packaged Raylib provides, and a bare -lraylib
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# after it because a Raylib built from source usually does not install one.
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RAYLIB_CFLAGS := $(shell pkg-config --cflags raylib 2>/dev/null)
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RAYLIB_LIBS := $(shell pkg-config --libs raylib 2>/dev/null)
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ifeq ($(strip $(RAYLIB_LIBS)),)
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# The -lm is not spare, even though MATHLIB names it again on the link line below. This
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# variable is what the probe underneath test-links with, and Raylib does not link without it,
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# so taking it out here does not tidy a duplicate - it makes the probe say Raylib is missing.
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RAYLIB_LIBS := -lraylib -lm
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endif
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HAVE_RAYLIB := $(shell printf '#include <raylib.h>\nint main(void){return (int)GetTime();}\n' \
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| $(CC) -x c - -o /dev/null $(RAYLIB_CFLAGS) $(RAYLIB_LIBS) 2>/dev/null \
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&& echo yes)
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# Default target: the machine, its three host-side tools, and Voyager where it can be built.
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#
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# VOYAGER IS NOT IN THE HARD LIST. Everything below it - the assembler, the disk tool, the
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# linter, the whole test suite - has to build on a machine with no graphics library at all,
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# because a project about a small understandable CPU should not need OpenGL to run its
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# tests. Where Raylib is missing, 'make' says so once and builds everything else.
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TOOLS = $(EMU_TARGET) $(ASM_TARGET) $(DSK_TARGET) $(LINT_TARGET)
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ifeq ($(HAVE_RAYLIB),yes)
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all: $(TOOLS) $(VOY_TARGET)
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else
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all: $(TOOLS)
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@echo "Raylib was not found, so Voyager was not built. Everything else is here."
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endif
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# ---- The ROM the machine wakes up in ----
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#
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# Generated from the assembly rather than committed, because a copy of a program kept
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# beside the program is a copy that goes stale. It needs the assembler, which is built
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# first; that is a real dependency and saying so is better than hiding it.
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#
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# od and awk rather than xxd, which is not everywhere, and rather than python, which the
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# README does not ask anybody to install to build this.
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$(SRC_DIR_EMU)/rom.c: Programs/Boot/stage1.asm $(ASM_TARGET)
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@mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
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@./$(ASM_TARGET) Programs/Boot/stage1.asm -o $(OBJ_DIR)/stage1.bin > /dev/null
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@{ \
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echo '// rom.c'; \
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echo '// GENERATED from Programs/Boot/stage1.asm by the makefile. Do not edit.'; \
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echo '//'; \
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echo '// The first thing the machine runs, and the only part of it that is not on'; \
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echo '// the disk. On hardware this is a chip; here it is an array, placed into'; \
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echo '// Program Memory at reset the way a shadowed ROM is.'; \
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echo ''; \
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echo '#include "rom.h"'; \
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echo ''; \
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echo 'const unsigned char bootROM[] = {'; \
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od -v -An -tu1 $(OBJ_DIR)/stage1.bin | awk '{ printf " "; for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) printf " %s,", $$i; print "" }'; \
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echo '};'; \
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echo ''; \
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echo 'const unsigned long bootROMBytes = sizeof(bootROM);'; \
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} > $@
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$(OBJ_DIR)/rom.o: $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/rom.c $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/rom.h
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# The maths library, which the machine wants now that it has a synthesizer in it: the voice
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# engine works in hertz and seconds and reaches for powf and tanf to do it.
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MATHLIB = -lm
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# Emulator binary
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$(EMU_TARGET): $(EMU_OBJS)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(EMU_TARGET) $(EMU_OBJS) $(MATHLIB)
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# Voyager: the same machine with a screen and a speaker. Its own object for the front end,
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# and the shared ones for everything that is actually the machine.
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$(VOY_TARGET): $(VOY_OBJS)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(VOY_TARGET) $(VOY_OBJS) $(RAYLIB_LIBS) $(MATHLIB)
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$(OBJ_DIR)/voyager.o: $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/voyager.c
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mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(POSIXFLAGS) $(RAYLIB_CFLAGS) $(DEPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
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# Assembler binary
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$(ASM_TARGET): $(ASM_OBJS)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(ASM_TARGET) $(ASM_OBJS)
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# Compile emulator source files to object files
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$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/%.c
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mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(POSIXFLAGS) $(DEPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
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# Disk tool binary
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$(DSK_TARGET): $(DSK_OBJS)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(DSK_TARGET) $(DSK_OBJS)
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# Assembly source linter. The instruction table is shared with the assembler and
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# emulator so that adding an opcode cannot leave the linter with a private copy.
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$(LINT_TARGET): $(LINT_OBJS)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(LINT_TARGET) $(LINT_OBJS)
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$(OBJ_DIR)/Linter.o: $(SRC_DIR_LINT)/Linter.c
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@mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(POSIXFLAGS) $(DEPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
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# Compile disk tool source files to object files
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$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(SRC_DIR_DSK)/%.c
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@mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(POSIXFLAGS) $(DEPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
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# Compile assembler source files to object files
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$(OBJ_DIR)/%.o: $(SRC_DIR_ASM)/%.c
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mkdir -p $(OBJ_DIR)
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(POSIXFLAGS) $(DEPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
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# Pull in the header dependencies written out by the compiler above.
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# VOY_OBJS IS IN THIS LIST FOR A REASON. It was not, and voyager.o therefore never rebuilt
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# when a header changed - so when EmulatorOptions grew a field, Voyager kept an object that
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# disagreed with everything else about how big the struct was, and smashed its stack on every
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# run. A clean build hid it, which is why 'make sanitize' would never have found it either.
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# Tests/voyager.sh did, by failing all 115 tests that start the machine.
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-include $(EMU_OBJS:.o=.d) $(VOY_OBJS:.o=.d) $(ASM_OBJS:.o=.d) $(DSK_OBJS:.o=.d) $(LINT_OBJS:.o=.d)
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# ---- The strict build the README promises ----
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#
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# "The sources are ISO C and build clean under -std=c11 -pedantic with -Wall -Wextra."
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# That is a claim somebody may check by typing it, so the suite checks it first. It was
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# false when this target was written: realpath went undeclared under a feature test macro
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# that did not reach far enough, which the ordinary -Os build never saw.
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STRICT = -std=c11 -pedantic -Wall -Wextra -Werror $(POSIXFLAGS)
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#
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# VOYAGER IS CHECKED SEPARATELY, and only where Raylib is. It includes raylib.h, so putting
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# it in the loop below would make 'make test' fail on exactly the machines the two-binary
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# split exists to support - and it would not be noticed here, where Raylib is installed.
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strict:
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@for source in $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/*.c $(SRC_DIR_ASM)/*.c $(SRC_DIR_DSK)/*.c $(SRC_DIR_LINT)/*.c; do \
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case "$$source" in *voyager.c) continue ;; esac; \
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$(CC) $(STRICT) -c $$source -o /dev/null || exit 1; \
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done
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ifeq ($(HAVE_RAYLIB),yes)
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@$(CC) $(STRICT) $(RAYLIB_CFLAGS) -c $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/voyager.c -o /dev/null
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endif
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@echo "The sources build clean under -std=c11 -pedantic."
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# Run the test suite against the programs in Programs/
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test: all strict
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@./Tests/lint.sh
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@echo
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@echo
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@./Tests/run.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/voyager.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/disk.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/cycles.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/video.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/sound.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/terminal.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/native.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/agree.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/docs.sh
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# Rebuild all three tools with the address and undefined behaviour sanitizers and run
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# the test suite under them. Slower than 'make test', and worth running before a
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# release or after anything that touches memory handling.
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#
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# THE WHOLE SUITE, which it did not used to be: it built all three tools sanitized and
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# then ran only run.sh and terminal.sh, so SplitDisk was compiled with the sanitizers and
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# never exercised, and native.sh - which drives the assembler and the emulator harder than
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# anything else here - was skipped. Those are the parts where block arithmetic on disk
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# images and buffer indexing in two assemblers live, which is exactly what the sanitizers
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# are for. Adding the three of them costs about six seconds.
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#
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# The sanitizers catch reads and writes off the end of an array, use after free,
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# leaks, and undefined arithmetic. What they do NOT usefully catch here is uninitialised
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# memory: AddressSanitizer's junk fill is a toolchain default this build does not
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# configure, there are six heap allocations in the repository and the largest is a
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# deliberate calloc, and the machine's own memories are static arrays it never touches.
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#
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# If the suite fails, the sanitizer binaries are deliberately left in place so
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# that the failing case can be run again by hand. 'make' puts the normal ones back.
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SANITIZE_FLAGS = -Wall -Wextra -g -O1 -fsanitize=address,undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer
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sanitize:
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@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory clean
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@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory CFLAGS="$(SANITIZE_FLAGS)"
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@echo "Running the test suite under AddressSanitizer and UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer."
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@./Tests/lint.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/run.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/voyager.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/disk.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/cycles.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/video.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/sound.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/terminal.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/native.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/agree.sh
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@echo
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@./Tests/docs.sh
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@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory clean
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@$(MAKE) --no-print-directory
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@echo "Sanitizer run finished cleanly. Normal binaries rebuilt."
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# Record the current output of every test as the expected result.
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# Only do this when the current output is known to be correct.
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bless: $(EMU_TARGET) $(ASM_TARGET)
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@./Tests/run.sh --bless
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# Clean up object and binary files
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clean:
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rm -rf $(OBJ_DIR)
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rm -rf Tests/build
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rm -f $(SRC_DIR_EMU)/rom.c
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rm -f $(EMU_TARGET) $(ASM_TARGET) $(DSK_TARGET) $(LINT_TARGET) $(VOY_TARGET)
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# Install compiled binaries
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install: $(EMU_TARGET) $(ASM_TARGET) $(DSK_TARGET) $(LINT_TARGET)
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mkdir -p "$(PREFIX)/bin"
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install -m 755 $^ "$(PREFIX)/bin/"
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# Phony targets
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.PHONY: all clean install test bless sanitize
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