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SplitBit-Emulator/Source/Emulator/io.h
T

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3.5 KiB
C

// io.h
// I/O for the SplitBit CPU Emulator
// Written by Anachronaut
// 10/16/2024
#ifndef IO_H
#define IO_H
#include <stdint.h>
#include "cpu.h"
// ---- Ports ----
//
// Which port a device answers on is a property of the machine rather than of any
// program, so the numbers live here and everything else refers to them by name.
#define PORT_CONSOLE 0x00
#define PORT_TEST 0x10
#define PORT_REFUSE 0x11
#define PORT_MEMORY 0x12
#define PORT_REGISTRY 0xFF
// ---- Device classes ----
//
// What kind of thing is plugged into a port. Class 0 is not a device: reading an
// unimplemented port already gives zero, so "nothing there" needs no special case and a
// machine with no registry at all answers correctly by doing nothing.
//
// Classes 0x01 to 0x0F belong to the machine itself. Peripherals start at 0x10.
#define DEVICE_NONE 0x00
#define DEVICE_REGISTRY 0x01
#define DEVICE_CONSOLE 0x02
#define DEVICE_CONTROLLER 0x03
#define DEVICE_TEST 0x10
#define DEVICE_REFUSE 0x11
#define DEVICE_MEMORY 0x12
// What a device brings besides itself. This means memory that somebody has to register
// with the controller, so the controller's own bank 2 does not count: it is already there.
#define DEVICE_FLAG_HAS_MEMORY 0x01
// How many bytes a device's entry in the registry runs to. Reading past the end gives
// zero, so the record can grow later without anything already written having to change.
#define DEVICE_RECORD_BYTES 2
uint8_t OutputHandler(uint8_t DataByte, uint8_t Address);
uint8_t InputHandler(uint8_t Address);
// ---- Interrupt lines ----
//
// One line per port. A device puts its line up to ask for attention, and the CPU takes
// it down when it answers. Which line a device uses is not a choice: a device on port N
// interrupts on N, which is what saves the machine from needing any arbitration.
//
// These belong to the bus rather than to the CPU. Nothing here is saved in a frame, and
// a program cannot read them except by being interrupted.
void raiseInterrupt(uint8_t port);
void clearInterrupt(uint8_t port);
// The lowest numbered port with its line up, or -1 if none of them are.
int nextPendingInterrupt(void);
// ---- Refusing ----
//
// A device can refuse what it was asked to do. Interrupting is a device asking for
// attention later; refusing is a device saying no to the instruction happening now, so
// it has to stop the machine where it stands rather than raise a line and let execution
// carry on past the mistake.
//
// The refusal names a software vector, so the cause is known from the entry it arrives
// through, the same way every other fault on this machine works.
void refuseAccess(uint8_t faultVector);
// ---- Memory a device brings ----
//
// Returns the memory owned by the device on this port, or NULL if it owns none, and
// fills in how much of it there is. This is how the controller finds out what a device
// brings when it is told to register a bank.
//
// It is a direct look at the machine's device table rather than a conversation through
// the registry's port. The port protocol remembers which port it was asked about, so a
// controller that used it would silently lose the place of any enumeration a program had
// in progress. Same table, two consumers, and only one of them needs the protocol.
uint8_t *deviceMemory(uint8_t port, uint32_t *capacity);
// The vector a device refused with, or 0 if none did. Reading it clears it, because a
// refusal is answered once.
uint8_t takeRefusal(void);
// Which port did the refusing. Only meaningful alongside a refusal.
uint8_t refusingPort(void);
#endif // IO_H